Z80: what changed

Revision 1 to 2. Removed lines have a minus sign; added lines have a plus sign.

Old	New		Line
1	1		## Overview
2	2
3	3		A Z80 port is currently under development in Git "main" branch. To check it out, use:
4	4
5		-	~~`mkdir fpc-z80`\~~
6		-	~~`cd fpc-z80`\~~
7		-	~~`git clone `[`https://gitlab.com/freepascal.org/fpc/source.git`](https://gitlab.com/freepascal.org/fpc/source.git)` fpc`~~
	5	+	```text
	6	+	mkdir fpc-z80
	7	+	cd fpc-z80
	8	+	git clone https://gitlab.com/freepascal.org/fpc/source.git fpc
	9	+	```
8	10
9	11		## Requirements
10	12
11	13		The compiler now includes an internal assembler and linker, so no extra packages are needed. Optionally, the assembler and linker from the SDCC package can be used as well:
12	14
13	15		<http://sdcc.sourceforge.net/>
14	16
15	17		## Targets
16	18
17	19		### Embedded
18	20
19	21		The compiler produces files in the IHX format (Intel HEX Format).
20	22
21	23		### ZX Spectrum
22	24
23	25		The compiler produces ZX Spectrum tape files in the TZX file format. They are suitable for running in emulators. An open-source emulator that works is FBZX:
24	26
25	27		<https://www.rastersoft.com/programas/fbzx.html>
26	28
27	29		ROM images for the emulator are available here:
28	30
29	31		<http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~cjwatson/code/spectrum-roms/>
30	32
31	33		and here:
32	34
33	35		<http://www.shadowmagic.org.uk/spectrum/roms.html>
34	36
35	37		They are copyrighted and are not free (as in freedom), but are legally available for use in emulators (not in real hardware), and are also repackaged and redistributed in Linux repositories such as [RPMFusion - nonfree](https://rpmfusion.org/).
36	38
37	39		Another emulator that works is Fuse:
38	40
39	41		<http://fuse-emulator.sourceforge.net/fuse.php>
40	42
41	43		Producing TZX files requires a tool, called ihxutil, which is written in Pascal and is available in the utils/ihxutil directory of the compiler.
42	44
43	45		### MSX-DOS
44	46
45	47		The compiler produces flat COM files that can be run from the MSX-DOS environment. Please note that you need to take extreme care that you don't link in too much code especially if you want to also include a heap and a stack. The default size for the heap is 256 and for the stack 1024 and these can be changed using the \$MEMORY directive.
46	48
47	49		Generating the COM files requires the ihxutil utility which is written in Pascal and is available in the utils/ihxutil directory of the Free Pascal sources.
48	50
49	51		More information can be found [[MSX-DOS\|here]].
50	52
51	53		## Building
52	54
53	55		Here's the build script I use:
54	56
55	57		``` bash
56	58		#!/bin/sh
57	59
58	60		set -e
59	61
60	62		FPC_Z80_DIR=/home/nickysn/tralala/fpc-z80
61	63		STARTPP=fpc
62	64		BINUTILSPREFIX=
63	65
64	66		CROSSOPT=-O-1
65	67		export CROSSOPT
66	68		OPT="-CX -XXs"
67	69		if [ -n "$EXTRAOPT" ]
68	70		then
69	71		OPT+=" $EXTRAOPT"
70	72		fi
71	73		export OPT
72	74		export CPU_TARGET=z80
73	75		export OS_TARGET=zxspectrum
74	76		export OS_SOURCE=`$STARTPP -iSO`
75	77		export CPU_SOURCE=`$STARTPP -iSP`
76	78
77	79		cd $FPC_Z80_DIR/fpc
78	80		make -j `nproc` clean PP=$STARTPP BINUTILSPREFIX=$BINUTILSPREFIX
79	81		make -j `nproc` all PP=$STARTPP BINUTILSPREFIX=$BINUTILSPREFIX
80	82		make -j `nproc` crossinstall PP=$FPC_Z80_DIR/fpc/compiler/ppcrossz80 INSTALL_PREFIX=$FPC_Z80_DIR/zxspectrum-snapshot BINUTILSPREFIX=$BINUTILSPREFIX
81	83		```
82	84
83	85		Note that, if you use the SDCC package from the official Fedora repositories, you might need to replace
84	86
85		-	~~`BINUTILSPREFIX=`~~
	87	+	```text
	88	+	BINUTILSPREFIX=
	89	+	```
86	90
87	91		with
88	92
89		-	~~`BINUTILSPREFIX=sdcc-`~~
	93	+	```text
	94	+	BINUTILSPREFIX=sdcc-
	95	+	```
90	96
91	97		When compiling programs, you should always enable smartlinking by adding these two options to the compiler:
92	98
93		-	~~`-CX -XX`~~
	99	+	```text
	100	+	-CX -XX
	101	+	```
94	102
95	103		## Status
96	104
97	105		As of Apr 27, 2020, the code generator is stable enough to compile the full system unit. Standard output via write/writeln works now. As of May 17, 2020, optimization level 1 also works, so you can try compiling with -O1. Note that there aren't many Z80-specific optimizations implemented yet, but enabling optimization still has some small effect. Here's a simple program that works:
98	106
99	107		``` pascal
100	108		program Hello;
101	109		var
102	110		b: byte;
103	111		begin
104	112		Write('FPC');
105	113		for b := 0 to 255 do
106	114		Write(HexStr(b, 2));
107	115		end.
108	116		```
109	117
110	118		Here's what this program produces in the FBZX emulator:
111	119
112	120		![](/wiki-images/c/c9/ZX_Spectrum_hello_world_FBZX_emulator_screenshot.png)
113	121
114	122		---
115	123		From the Free Pascal wiki, page "Z80", as it stood on 2022-05-24 after a change by Alextp, out of the wiki's dump of 2024-05-26. Copyright stays with the author who wrote it, according to the old wiki's [[Licensing]] page. If you have concerns about this material, [message the admin](/wiki-contact).

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