Setup Cross Compile For ARM/es: what changed

Revision 3 to 4. Removed lines have a minus sign; added lines have a plus sign.

Old	New		Line
1	1		## Como configurar Lazarus/FPC para compilación cruzada para arm-linux.
2	2
3	3		Con este tutorial puedes generar un fichero binario que corre en dispositivos arm-linux. Se ha testeado con un Nokia N900 con "[Maemo 5 OS](http://maemo.org/)" (the gnu/linux Debian based OS, developed by [Nokia](http://maemo.nokia.com/videos/introducing-maemo-5/). Es un dispositivo arm-linux que funciona con GTK2 y QT4.6).
4	4
5	5		Si lo que necesitas es un simple programa del tipo "command prompt"/"terminal", entonces de la sección #FPC for ARMve a Testeando programas de consola.
6	6
7	7		NOTA 1: Todos los procedimientos se han testeado en una Máquina Virtual con [[http://www.ubuntu.com/ Ubuntu 9.10 - x86]] de sistema huesped, con Windows 7 como host (o máquina albergadora) y [[http://www.virtualbox.org/ VirtualBox 3.0.12]] como aplicación de virtualización (hypervisor). Es una instalación limpia, con todas las actualizaciones al día.
8	8
9	9		NOTA 2: Reemplazar cada /home/user/ con tu trayectoria real de usuario. Todas las demás trayectorias se ponen simplemente como explicación. Si utilizas "[Maemo SDK Virtual Image](http://maemovmware.garage.maemo.org/2nd_edition/)", reemplaza cada /home/user/ con /home/maemo/
10	10
11	11		## Script automatizado
12	12
13	13		Los scripts aportados anteriormente son obsoletos. Por favor mira [aquí](http://wiki.lazarus.freepascal.org/Lazarus_Manager) (ver en pagina de discusión para alternativas).
14	14
15	15		## Cosas genéricas por hacer
16	16
17	17		> Warning: Estas instrucciones son bastante antiguas - hacen referencia a la versión 2.2.4, a fecha de escribir este artículo es diciembre de 2013 con stable FPC is 2.6.2 y de esta traducción 2016 (ya con la 3.0.0) . Por favor ajustar para seguir esto y actualizar la página. Gracias.
18	18
19	19		### Descargas
20	20
21	21		- any starting compiler from the 2.2.4 branch (e.g. fpc-2.2.4-20091214.i386.rpm) from [HERE](http://www.hu.freepascal.org/lazarus) or [HERE](http://snapshots.lazarus.shikami.org/)). It is needed to compile \>= 2.2.4 fpc sources
22	22		- latest binutils.tar.gz (e.g. binutils-2.20.tar.gz) from [HERE](http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/binutils/)
23	23		- latest [fpc.zip](http://ftp//ftp.freepascal.org/pub/fpc/snapshot/trunk/source/fpc.zip) from [HERE](http://www.freepascal.org/develop.var)
24	24		- latest Lazarus source zip (e.g. lazarus-0.9.29-23129-20091214-src.zip) from [HERE](http://www.hu.freepascal.org/lazarus) or [HERE](http://snapshots.lazarus.shikami.org/) (faster for me)
25	25		- target libs (You can grab from SDK or from arm-device. See "#APPENDIX A: Testing console programs")
26	26
27	27		### Unpack/copy all files in the respective directories
28	28
29	29		FPC 2.2.4 installer:
30	30
31		-	~~`~/fpc_tools/fpc_2.2.4/fpc-2.2.4-20091214.i386.rpm`~~
	31	+	```text
	32	+	~/fpc_tools/fpc_2.2.4/fpc-2.2.4-20091214.i386.rpm
	33	+	```
32	34
33	35		Binutils sources:
34	36
35		-	~~`~/fpc_tools/binutils-2.20/`~~
	37	+	```text
	38	+	~/fpc_tools/binutils-2.20/
	39	+	```
36	40
37	41		Lazarus sources:
38	42
39		-	~~`~/lazarus/`~~
	43	+	```text
	44	+	~/lazarus/
	45	+	```
40	46
41	47		FPC 2.5.1 sources:
42	48
43		-	~~`~/lazarus/fpc/2.5.1/`~~
	49	+	```text
	50	+	~/lazarus/fpc/2.5.1/
	51	+	```
44	52
45	53		### Prepare Target Libs
46	54
47	55		- See "#APPENDIX A: Testing console programs" to know how/where to find target libs
48	56		- Copy all target libs to ~/lazarus/fpc/libcross
49	57
50	58		### Install dependencies
51	59
52	60		``` bash
53	61		sudo apt-get install -y alien libncurses5-dev libXp-dev libgtk2.0-dev
54	62		```
55	63
56	64		## Install & Configure Binutils
57	65
58	66		### Compile binutils for arm-linux
59	67
60	68		- If not already done, extract binutils-2.20.tar.gz in ~/fpc_tools/binutils-2.20
61	69		- Then type:
62	70
63	71		``` bash
64	72		cd ~/fpc_tools/binutils-2.20
65	73		./configure --target=arm-linux --disable-werror
66	74		make
67	75		sudo make install
68	76		mkdir ~/lazarus/fpc/binutils
69	77		ln -s /usr/local/bin/arm-linux-ar ~/lazarus/fpc/binutils/ar
70	78		ln -s /usr/local/bin/arm-linux-ld ~/lazarus/fpc/binutils/ld
71	79		sudo mv /usr/local/bin/arm-linux-as /usr/local/bin/arm-linux-as_org
72	80
73	81		sudo gedit /usr/local/bin/arm-linux-as
74	82		```
75	83
76	84		- Paste:
77	85
78	86		``` bash
79	87		#!/bin/sh
80	88		/usr/local/bin/arm-linux-as_org -meabi=5 $@
81	89		```
82	90
83	91		NOTE: option -meabi=5 force assembler to make binary eabi v5 compatible. E.g. if you need eabi v4 you will change it in -meabi=4.
84	92
85	93		- Save and close gedit
86	94		- Type:
87	95
88	96		``` bash
89	97		sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/arm-linux-as
90	98		ln -s /usr/local/bin/arm-linux-as ~/lazarus/fpc/binutils/as
91	99		```
92	100
93	101		## FPC
94	102
95	103		### Install precompiled fpc 2.2.4 branch
96	104
97	105		REMEMBER TO CHANGE EVERY/home/user/WITH YOUR OWN USER PATH!
98	106
99	107		- Type:
100	108
101	109		``` bash
102	110		sudo alien -i -c /home/user/fpc_tools/fpc_2.2.4/fpc-2.2.4-20091214.i386.rpm
103	111		```
104	112
105	113		- Be sure that ppc386 is right installed, type:
106	114
107	115		``` bash
108	116		which ppc386
109	117		```
110	118
111	119		if ppc386 is in the path it returns the path (e.g. /usr/bin/ppc386)
112	120
113	121		### Compile FPC from sources
114	122
115	123		- Type:
116	124
117	125		``` bash
118	126		cd ~/lazarus/fpc/2.5.1
119	127		make all OPT='-gl -O3p3' PP=/usr/bin/ppc386 (add NOGDB=1 at the end if asked)
120	128		sudo make install PP=/usr/bin/ppc386 PREFIX=/usr/ (add NOGDB=1 at the end if asked)
121	129		sudo rm /usr/bin/ppc386
122	130		sudo ln -s /usr/lib/fpc/2.5.1/ppc386 /usr/bin/ppc386
123	131		sudo mkdir /usr/share/fpcsrc/
124	132		sudo ln -sf ~/lazarus/fpc/2.5.1/ /usr/share/fpcsrc/
125	133		sudo /usr/lib/fpc/2.5.1/samplecfg /usr/lib/fpc/2.5.1/ /etc
126	134		```
127	135
128	136		## FPC for ARM
129	137
130	138		### Make FPC able to cross compile for arm-linux
131	139
132	140		- Type:
133	141
134	142		``` bash
135	143		cd ~/lazarus/fpc/2.5.1/
136	144		sudo make crossinstall CPU_TARGET=arm OS_TARGET=linux CROSSBINDIR=/home/user/lazarus/fpc/binutils/ OPT=-dFPC_ARMEL INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr
137	145		```
138	146
139	147		### Create custom fpc.cfg
140	148
141	149		REMEMBER TO CHANGE EVERY/home/user/WITH YOUR OWN USER PATH!
142	150
143	151		- Type:
144	152
145	153		``` bash
146	154		gedit ~/.fpc.cfg
147	155		```
148	156
149	157		- Paste in ~/.fpc.cfg:
150	158
151	159		#INCLUDE /etc/fpc.cfg
152	160		#DEFINE DEMOTEST
153	161		#DEFINE DEMOTEST1
154	162		#DEFINE LAZARUS
155	163
156	164		-Fu/usr/lib/fpc/2.5.1/units/$fpctarget/*
157	165		-Fl/usr/lib/fpc/2.5.1/units/$fpctarget/rtl/
158	166
159	167		-a
160	168		-Sd
161	169		-Xd
162	170		-Xs
163	171
164	172		-O-
165	173
166	174		#IFDEF CPUARM
167	175		-XP/home/user/lazarus/fpc/binutils/
168	176		-Xr/usr/lib/fpc/2.5.1/units/arm-linux/rtl/
169	177		-Xr/home/user/lazarus/fpc/libcross
170	178		-XR/home/user/lazarus/fpc/
171	179		-darm
172	180		-Tlinux
173	181		#ENDIF
174	182
175	183		- save and close gedit
176	184		- Type:
177	185
178	186		``` bash
179	187		sudo ln -sf /usr/lib/fpc/2.5.1/ppcrossarm /usr/local/bin/ppcarm
180	188		```
181	189
182	190		## Lazarus
183	191
184	192		If you don't need graphical programs, you can skip this section and go directly to #Appendix B: Target libs
185	193
186	194		### Compile Lazarus
187	195
188	196		- Type:
189	197
190	198		``` bash
191	199		cd ~/lazarus
192	200		make clean all
193	201		```
194	202
195	203		### Start Lazarus
196	204
197	205		- Start Lazarus to see that everything is ok and then to compile LCL and Package Registration
198	206		- Type:
199	207
200	208		``` bash
201	209		./lazarus
202	210		```
203	211
204	212		### Configure Lazarus for cross Compile
205	213
206	214		- Now you must cross compile the LCL and Package Registration, this part comes from [HERE](http://wiki.lazarus.freepascal.org/Cross_compiling#Cross_compiling_the_LCL).
207	215		- From the IDE:
208	216		1. In Tools -\> Options -\> Environment -\> Files, set the Compiler path to the path to fpc. Normally this is already done.
209	217		2. Then open Tools / Configure Build Lazarus / Advanced Build Options.
210	218		3. Set Target OS as linux and Target CPU as arm.
211	219		4. Set LCL and Package registration to Build (the middle radio button) and all other to None (left radio buttons).
212	220		5. Click the Build button.
213	221
214	222		## Make your first arm-linux project in Lazarus
215	223
216	224		### New Project
217	225
218	226		- Start new project as application
219	227		- Put some component in main form to test (like button, memo and few other things)
220	228
221	229		### Set Targets
222	230
223	231		- From the IDE:
224	232		1. Set in Project / Compiler Options / Code generation / Target OS (-T): Linux
225	233		2. Set in Project / Compiler Options / Code generation / Target CPU family (-P): arm
226	234		3. Set in Project / Compiler Options / Other / Custom Option: enter -XParm-linux- into textbox
227	235
228	236		### Add target libs to your project
229	237
230	238		REMEMBER TO CHANGE EVERY/home/user/WITH YOUR OWN USER PATH!
231	239
232	240		- From the IDE:
233	241		1. Set in Project / Compiler Options / Linking / Options (-k): -L/home/user/lazarus/fpc/libcross
234	242		2. Set in Project / Compiler Options / Compilation / Execute after / Command: arm-linux-strip -s /path/to/your/project/binary (where "binary" is the executable builded with Lazarus)
235	243
236	244		### Build Project
237	245
238	246		- Build Project as normal:
239	247		1. Hit keys Ctrl+F9
240	248		2. Run / Build
241	249
242	250		### Time to run
243	251
244	252		- Transfer the binary of your project on device
245	253		- Generally you must give executable permission to the binary directly on the device. If you work in terminal type:
246	254
247	255		``` bash
248	256		chmod +x /path/where/is/YourProject
249	257		./path/where/is/YourProject
250	258		```
251	259
252	260		![](/wiki-images/0/08/Kjow_hello-world.png)
253	261
254	262		## APPENDIX A: Testing console programs
255	263
256	264		### Create a TestARM.pas
257	265
258	266		- Type:
259	267
260	268		``` bash
261	269		mkdir ~/dev/TestARM/
262	270		gedit ~/dev/TestARM/TestARM.pas
263	271		```
264	272
265	273		- Paste this code:
266	274
267	275		``` pascal
268	276		program test;
269	277		begin
270	278		writeln('DATE ',{$i %DATE%});
271	279		writeln('FPCTARGET ',{$i %FPCTARGET%});
272	280		writeln('FPCTARGETCPU ',{$i %FPCTARGETCPU%});
273	281		writeln('FPCTARGETOS ',{$i %FPCTARGETOS%});
274	282		writeln('FPCVERSION ',{$i %FPCVERSION%});
275	283		end.
276	284		```
277	285
278	286		- Type:
279	287
280	288		``` bash
281	289		cd ~/dev/TestARM/
282	290		fpc -Tlinux -Parm -XParm-linux- TestARM.pas
283	291		```
284	292
285	293		### Time to run
286	294
287	295		- Transfer TestARM on device
288	296		- Generally you must give executable permission to TestARM directly on the device:
289	297
290	298		``` bash
291	299		chmod +x /path/where/is/TestAMR
292	300		./path/where/is/TestAMR
293	301		```
294	302
295	303		## Appendix B: Target libs
296	304
297	305		You need target libs to assemble and link binary file. You can find them into the SDK of your device or into the device itself.
298	306
299	307		E.g. for Nokia N900 you need to copy /lib/* and /usr/lib/* (no subdirs needed) that are present in the Nokia N900 root and you must merge all files to ~/lazarus/fpc/libcross/\
300	308		Finally, you need to rename each library not found by linker (ld) to the file name searched by linker itself.\
301	309		E.g. if you got this error
302	310
303		-	~~`libX11.so not found (or incompatible)`~~
	311	+	```text
	312	+	libX11.so not found (or incompatible)
	313	+	```
304	314
305	315		and you have a file called libX11.so.6.2.0, then you need to rename it into libX11.so
306	316
307	317		## See also
308	318
309	319		- [[Android]] Article on setting up cross-compiling for Android on ARM
310	320
311	321		---
312	322		From the Free Pascal wiki, page "Setup Cross Compile For ARM/es", as it stood on 2020-02-26 after a change by Trev, out of the wiki's dump of 2024-05-26. Copyright stays with the author who wrote it, according to the old wiki's [[Licensing]] page. If you have concerns about this material, [message the admin](/wiki-contact).

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