Setup Cross Compile For ARM/es: what changed

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Old	New		Line
1	1		## Como configurar Lazarus/FPC para compilación cruzada para arm-linux.
2	2
3	3		Con este tutorial puedes generar un fichero binario que corre en dispositivos arm-linux. Se ha testeado con un Nokia N900 con "[Maemo 5 OS](http://maemo.org/)" (the gnu/linux Debian based OS, developed by [Nokia](http://maemo.nokia.com/videos/introducing-maemo-5/). Es un dispositivo arm-linux que funciona con GTK2 y QT4.6).
4	4
5	5		Si lo que necesitas es un simple programa del tipo "command prompt"/"terminal", entonces de la sección #FPC for ARMve a Testeando programas de consola.
6	6
7	7		NOTA 1: Todos los procedimientos se han testeado en una Máquina Virtual con [[http://www.ubuntu.com/ Ubuntu 9.10 - x86]] de sistema huesped, con Windows 7 como host (o máquina albergadora) y [[http://www.virtualbox.org/ VirtualBox 3.0.12]] como aplicación de virtualización (hypervisor). Es una instalación limpia, con todas las actualizaciones al día.
8	8
9	9		NOTA 2: Reemplazar cada /home/user/ con tu trayectoria real de usuario. Todas las demás trayectorias se ponen simplemente como explicación. Si utilizas "[Maemo SDK Virtual Image](http://maemovmware.garage.maemo.org/2nd_edition/)", reemplaza cada /home/user/ con /home/maemo/
10	10
11	11		## Script automatizado
12	12
13	13		Los scripts aportados anteriormente son obsoletos. Por favor mira [aquí](http://wiki.lazarus.freepascal.org/Lazarus_Manager) (ver en pagina de discusión para alternativas).
14	14
15	15		## Cosas genéricas por hacer
16	16
17	17		> Warning: Estas instrucciones son bastante antiguas - hacen referencia a la versión 2.2.4, a fecha de escribir este artículo es diciembre de 2013 con stable FPC is 2.6.2 y de esta traducción 2016 (ya con la 3.0.0) . Por favor ajustar para seguir esto y actualizar la página. Gracias.
18	18
19	19		### Descargas
20	20
21	21		- any starting compiler from the 2.2.4 branch (e.g. fpc-2.2.4-20091214.i386.rpm) from [HERE](http://www.hu.freepascal.org/lazarus) or [HERE](http://snapshots.lazarus.shikami.org/)). It is needed to compile \>= 2.2.4 fpc sources
22	22		- latest binutils.tar.gz (e.g. binutils-2.20.tar.gz) from [HERE](http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/binutils/)
23	23		- latest [fpc.zip](http://ftp//ftp.freepascal.org/pub/fpc/snapshot/trunk/source/fpc.zip) from [HERE](http://www.freepascal.org/develop.var)
24	24		- latest Lazarus source zip (e.g. lazarus-0.9.29-23129-20091214-src.zip) from [HERE](http://www.hu.freepascal.org/lazarus) or [HERE](http://snapshots.lazarus.shikami.org/) (faster for me)
25	25		- target libs (You can grab from SDK or from arm-device. See "#APPENDIX A: Testing console programs")
26	26
27	27		### Unpack/copy all files in the respective directories
28	28
29	29		FPC 2.2.4 installer:
30	30
31	31		`~/fpc_tools/fpc_2.2.4/fpc-2.2.4-20091214.i386.rpm`
32	32
33	33		Binutils sources:
34	34
35	35		`~/fpc_tools/binutils-2.20/`
36	36
37	37		Lazarus sources:
38	38
39	39		`~/lazarus/`
40	40
41	41		FPC 2.5.1 sources:
42	42
43	43		`~/lazarus/fpc/2.5.1/`
44	44
45	45		### Prepare Target Libs
46	46
47	47		- See "#APPENDIX A: Testing console programs" to know how/where to find target libs
48	48		- Copy all target libs to ~/lazarus/fpc/libcross
49	49
50	50		### Install dependencies
51	51
52	52		``` bash
53	53		sudo apt-get install -y alien libncurses5-dev libXp-dev libgtk2.0-dev
54	54		```
55	55
56	56		## Install & Configure Binutils
57	57
58	58		### Compile binutils for arm-linux
59	59
60	60		- If not already done, extract binutils-2.20.tar.gz in ~/fpc_tools/binutils-2.20
61	61		- Then type:
62	62
63	63		``` bash
64	64		cd ~/fpc_tools/binutils-2.20
65	65		./configure --target=arm-linux --disable-werror
66	66		make
67	67		sudo make install
68	68		mkdir ~/lazarus/fpc/binutils
69	69		ln -s /usr/local/bin/arm-linux-ar ~/lazarus/fpc/binutils/ar
70	70		ln -s /usr/local/bin/arm-linux-ld ~/lazarus/fpc/binutils/ld
71	71		sudo mv /usr/local/bin/arm-linux-as /usr/local/bin/arm-linux-as_org
72	72
73	73		sudo gedit /usr/local/bin/arm-linux-as
74	74		```
75	75
76	76		- Paste:
77	77
78	78		``` bash
79	79		#!/bin/sh
80	80		/usr/local/bin/arm-linux-as_org -meabi=5 $@
81	81		```
82	82
83	83		NOTE: option -meabi=5 force assembler to make binary eabi v5 compatible. E.g. if you need eabi v4 you will change it in -meabi=4.
84	84
85	85		- Save and close gedit
86	86		- Type:
87	87
88	88		``` bash
89	89		sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/arm-linux-as
90	90		ln -s /usr/local/bin/arm-linux-as ~/lazarus/fpc/binutils/as
91	91		```
92	92
93	93		## FPC
94	94
95	95		### Install precompiled fpc 2.2.4 branch
96	96
97	97		REMEMBER TO CHANGE EVERY/home/user/WITH YOUR OWN USER PATH!
98	98
99	99		- Type:
100	100
101	101		``` bash
102	102		sudo alien -i -c /home/user/fpc_tools/fpc_2.2.4/fpc-2.2.4-20091214.i386.rpm
103	103		```
104	104
105	105		- Be sure that ppc386 is right installed, type:
106	106
107	107		``` bash
108	108		which ppc386
109	109		```
110	110
111	111		if ppc386 is in the path it returns the path (e.g. /usr/bin/ppc386)
112	112
113	113		### Compile FPC from sources
114	114
115	115		- Type:
116	116
117	117		``` bash
118	118		cd ~/lazarus/fpc/2.5.1
119	119		make all OPT='-gl -O3p3' PP=/usr/bin/ppc386 (add NOGDB=1 at the end if asked)
120	120		sudo make install PP=/usr/bin/ppc386 PREFIX=/usr/ (add NOGDB=1 at the end if asked)
121	121		sudo rm /usr/bin/ppc386
122	122		sudo ln -s /usr/lib/fpc/2.5.1/ppc386 /usr/bin/ppc386
123	123		sudo mkdir /usr/share/fpcsrc/
124	124		sudo ln -sf ~/lazarus/fpc/2.5.1/ /usr/share/fpcsrc/
125	125		sudo /usr/lib/fpc/2.5.1/samplecfg /usr/lib/fpc/2.5.1/ /etc
126	126		```
127	127
128	128		## FPC for ARM
129	129
130	130		### Make FPC able to cross compile for arm-linux
131	131
132	132		- Type:
133	133
134	134		``` bash
135	135		cd ~/lazarus/fpc/2.5.1/
136	136		sudo make crossinstall CPU_TARGET=arm OS_TARGET=linux CROSSBINDIR=/home/user/lazarus/fpc/binutils/ OPT=-dFPC_ARMEL INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr
137	137		```
138	138
139	139		### Create custom fpc.cfg
140	140
141	141		REMEMBER TO CHANGE EVERY/home/user/WITH YOUR OWN USER PATH!
142	142
143	143		- Type:
144	144
145	145		``` bash
146	146		gedit ~/.fpc.cfg
147	147		```
148	148
149	149		- Paste in ~/.fpc.cfg:
150	150
151	151		#INCLUDE /etc/fpc.cfg
152	152		#DEFINE DEMOTEST
153	153		#DEFINE DEMOTEST1
154	154		#DEFINE LAZARUS
155	155
156	156		-Fu/usr/lib/fpc/2.5.1/units/$fpctarget/*
157	157		-Fl/usr/lib/fpc/2.5.1/units/$fpctarget/rtl/
158	158
159	159		-a
160	160		-Sd
161	161		-Xd
162	162		-Xs
163	163
164	164		-O-
165	165
166	166		#IFDEF CPUARM
167	167		-XP/home/user/lazarus/fpc/binutils/
168	168		-Xr/usr/lib/fpc/2.5.1/units/arm-linux/rtl/
169	169		-Xr/home/user/lazarus/fpc/libcross
170	170		-XR/home/user/lazarus/fpc/
171	171		-darm
172	172		-Tlinux
173	173		#ENDIF
174	174
175	175		- save and close gedit
176	176		- Type:
177	177
178	178		``` bash
179	179		sudo ln -sf /usr/lib/fpc/2.5.1/ppcrossarm /usr/local/bin/ppcarm
180	180		```
181	181
182	182		## Lazarus
183	183
184	184		If you don't need graphical programs, you can skip this section and go directly to #Appendix B: Target libs
185	185
186	186		### Compile Lazarus
187	187
188	188		- Type:
189	189
190	190		``` bash
191	191		cd ~/lazarus
192	192		make clean all
193	193		```
194	194
195	195		### Start Lazarus
196	196
197	197		- Start Lazarus to see that everything is ok and then to compile LCL and Package Registration
198	198		- Type:
199	199
200	200		``` bash
201	201		./lazarus
202	202		```
203	203
204	204		### Configure Lazarus for cross Compile
205	205
206	206		- Now you must cross compile the LCL and Package Registration, this part comes from [HERE](http://wiki.lazarus.freepascal.org/Cross_compiling#Cross_compiling_the_LCL).
207	207		- From the IDE:
208	208		1. In Tools -\> Options -\> Environment -\> Files, set the Compiler path to the path to fpc. Normally this is already done.
209	209		2. Then open Tools / Configure Build Lazarus / Advanced Build Options.
210	210		3. Set Target OS as linux and Target CPU as arm.
211	211		4. Set LCL and Package registration to Build (the middle radio button) and all other to None (left radio buttons).
212	212		5. Click the Build button.
213	213
214	214		## Make your first arm-linux project in Lazarus
215	215
216	216		### New Project
217	217
218	218		- Start new project as application
219	219		- Put some component in main form to test (like button, memo and few other things)
220	220
221	221		### Set Targets
222	222
223	223		- From the IDE:
224	224		1. Set in Project / Compiler Options / Code generation / Target OS (-T): Linux
225	225		2. Set in Project / Compiler Options / Code generation / Target CPU family (-P): arm
226	226		3. Set in Project / Compiler Options / Other / Custom Option: enter -XParm-linux- into textbox
227	227
228	228		### Add target libs to your project
229	229
230	230		REMEMBER TO CHANGE EVERY/home/user/WITH YOUR OWN USER PATH!
231	231
232	232		- From the IDE:
233	233		1. Set in Project / Compiler Options / Linking / Options (-k): -L/home/user/lazarus/fpc/libcross
234	234		2. Set in Project / Compiler Options / Compilation / Execute after / Command: arm-linux-strip -s /path/to/your/project/binary (where "binary" is the executable builded with Lazarus)
235	235
236	236		### Build Project
237	237
238	238		- Build Project as normal:
239	239		1. Hit keys Ctrl+F9
240	240		2. Run / Build
241	241
242	242		### Time to run
243	243
244	244		- Transfer the binary of your project on device
245	245		- Generally you must give executable permission to the binary directly on the device. If you work in terminal type:
246	246
247	247		``` bash
248	248		chmod +x /path/where/is/YourProject
249	249		./path/where/is/YourProject
250	250		```
251	251
252		-	~~<figure>~~
253	252		<img src="Kjow_hello-world.png" title="e.g. Maemo 5 running Lazarus graphical demo." width="300" />
254		-	~~<figcaption>e.g. Maemo 5 running Lazarus graphical demo.</figcaption>~~
255		-	~~</figure>~~
256	253
257	254		## APPENDIX A: Testing console programs
258	255
259	256		### Create a TestARM.pas
260	257
261	258		- Type:
262	259
263	260		``` bash
264	261		mkdir ~/dev/TestARM/
265	262		gedit ~/dev/TestARM/TestARM.pas
266	263		```
267	264
268	265		- Paste this code:
269	266
270	267		``` pascal
271	268		program test;
272	269		begin
273	270		writeln('DATE ',{$i %DATE%});
274	271		writeln('FPCTARGET ',{$i %FPCTARGET%});
275	272		writeln('FPCTARGETCPU ',{$i %FPCTARGETCPU%});
276	273		writeln('FPCTARGETOS ',{$i %FPCTARGETOS%});
277	274		writeln('FPCVERSION ',{$i %FPCVERSION%});
278	275		end.
279	276		```
280	277
281	278		- Type:
282	279
283	280		``` bash
284	281		cd ~/dev/TestARM/
285	282		fpc -Tlinux -Parm -XParm-linux- TestARM.pas
286	283		```
287	284
288	285		### Time to run
289	286
290	287		- Transfer TestARM on device
291	288		- Generally you must give executable permission to TestARM directly on the device:
292	289
293	290		``` bash
294	291		chmod +x /path/where/is/TestAMR
295	292		./path/where/is/TestAMR
296	293		```
297	294
298	295		## Appendix B: Target libs
299	296
300	297		You need target libs to assemble and link binary file. You can find them into the SDK of your device or into the device itself.
301	298
302	299		E.g. for Nokia N900 you need to copy /lib/* and /usr/lib/* (no subdirs needed) that are present in the Nokia N900 root and you must merge all files to ~/lazarus/fpc/libcross/\
303	300		Finally, you need to rename each library not found by linker (ld) to the file name searched by linker itself.\
304	301		E.g. if you got this error
305	302
306	303		`libX11.so not found (or incompatible)`
307	304
308	305		and you have a file called libX11.so.6.2.0, then you need to rename it into libX11.so
309	306
310	307		## See also
311	308
312	309		- [[Android]] Article on setting up cross-compiling for Android on ARM
313	310
314	311		---
315	312		From the Free Pascal wiki, page "Setup Cross Compile For ARM/es", as it stood on 2020-02-26 after a change by Trev, out of the wiki's dump of 2024-05-26. Copyright stays with the author who wrote it, according to the old wiki's [[Licensing]] page. If you have concerns about this material, [message the admin](/wiki-contact).

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