Niklaus Wirth: what changed
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| 1 | + | **Niklaus E. Wirth** (born February 15, 1934, died January 1, 2024) was a Swiss computer scientist. | |
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| 3 | + | Wirth was born in Winterthur, Switzerland. In 1959 he earned a degree in Electronic Engineering from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) in Zurich. In 1960 he earned an M.Sc. from Laval University, Canada. Then in 1963 he was awarded a Ph.D. from the University of California, Berkeley. | |
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| 5 | + | From 1963 to 1967 he served as Assistant Professor of Computer Science at Stanford University and again at the University of Zurich. Then in 1968 he became Professor of Informatics at ETH in Zurich, taking a two year sabbatical at Xerox PARC in California. | |
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| 7 | + | Wirth was the chief designer of the programming languages Algol W, [[Pascal]], Modula, Modula-2, and Oberon. He was also a major part of the design and implementation team for the Lilith and Oberon operating systems, and for the Lola digital hardware design and simulation system. He received the _Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) Turing Award_ for the development of these languages. | |
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| 9 | + | His article _Program Development by Stepwise Refinement_ is considered to be a classical text in software engineering. He wrote _Algorithms + Data Structures = Programs_ , which gained wide recognition and is still useful today. He retired in 1999. | |
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| 11 | + | Europeans tend to pronounce his name properly, as _Nih-klaus Virt_ , while Americans usually mangle it into something like _Nickles Worth_. That has led to the programmer joke saying Europeans call him by name while Americans call him by value. | |
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| 13 | 13 | ## External links and references | |
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| 15 | + | * [Obituary](<https://inf.ethz.ch/people/faculty/emeriti/niklaus-wirth-quotes-all.html>) at [[ETH Zürich]] | |
| 16 | + | * [Biography](<http://www.verw.ethz.ch/cgi-win/whoShow.exe/ws7?ID=806&lang=engl>) at [[ETH Zürich]] | |
| 17 | + | * [Personal home page](<http://www.cs.inf.ethz.ch/~wirth/>) at [[ETH Zürich]] | |
| 18 | + | * [Program Development by Stepwise Refinement](<http://www.acm.org/classics/dec95/>) Communications of the ACM, Vol. 14, No. 4, April 1971, pp. 221-227 | |
| 19 | + | * [Pascal and its Successors](<http://www.swissdelphicenter.ch/en/niklauswirth.php>) paper by Niklaus Wirth - also includes short biography. | |
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| 21 | + | (This article reflects contents of the [Wikipedia article dated May 19th, 2005](<https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Niklaus_Wirth&oldid=15636614>) with some links transformed.) | |
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| 22 | 23 | --- | |
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| 24 | + | *From the Free Pascal wiki, page "Niklaus Wirth", as the Internet Archive kept it on 2025-03-23, last changed on 2024-07-31. Copyright stays with the author who wrote it, according to the old wiki's [[Licensing]] page. If you have concerns about this material, [message the admin](/wiki-contact).* |