Docker Containerization/zh CN: what changed

Revision 1 to 2. Removed lines have a minus sign; added lines have a plus sign.

Old	New		Line
1	1		## Contents
2	2
3	3		* 1 Docker 容器化
4	4		* 1.1 Docker
5	5		* 1.2 Alpine Linux
6	6		* 1.3 fcl-web 示例 - HelloHeaders
7	7		* 1.4 Docker 化 HelloHeaders
8	8		* 1.4.1 Dockerfile
9	9		* 1.4.2 Build Docker Image
10	10		* 1.4.3 查看 Docker 镜像的大小
11	11		* 1.4.4 运行容器
12	12		* 1.5 参见
13	13
14	14		# Docker 容器化
15	15
16	16		## Docker
17	17
18	18		Docker 容器镜像是个轻量级、独立且可执行的软件包，应用程序运行所需的一切均包含其中：代码、运行时环境、系统工具、系统库和配置参数。在运行时，容器镜像会转换为容器。容器将软件与环境隔离开来，确保在不同环境下（例如开发环境和预生产环境）运行的一致性。
19	19
20	20		Docker 容器可在 Windows、Linux、macOS 和 Amazon Web Services、Microsoft Azure 之类的云服务中运行。
21	21
22	22		以 Unix 守护进程或 Windows 服务这些传统形式运行的应用，如 Web 服务和数据库，正越来越多以容器化的形式运行。
23	23
24	24		## Alpine Linux
25	25
26	26		Alpine Linux 是一种注重安全、轻量级的 Linux。基于 Alpine Linux 的最小 Docker 容器镜像只有 5MB 大小。
27	27
28	28		## fcl-web 示例 - HelloHeaders
29	29
30	30		以下例程能响应 web 请求，回送请求信息。
31	31		```
32	32		program HelloHeadersPure;
33	33
34	34		{$mode objfpc}{$H+}
35	35
36	36		uses
37	37		cthreads, httpdefs, httproute, webutil,
38	38		fphttpapp;
39	39
40	40		procedure doEchoRequest(aReq: TRequest; aResp: TResponse);
41	41		begin
42	42		DumpRequest(aReq, aResp.contents, true);
43	43		end;
44	44
45	45		begin
46	46		HTTPRouter.registerRoute('*', @doEchoRequest);
47	47		Application.Port:=8080;
48	48		Application.Threaded:=True;
49	49		Application.Initialize;
50	50		Application.Run;
51	51		end.
52	52		```
53	53
54	54		## Docker 化 HelloHeaders
55	55
56	56		下面在 Ubuntu 下编译此例程。可执行文件命名为 `helloheaders`。用以下 Dockerfile 为 `helloheaders` 创建 Docker 镜像。
57	57
58	58		### Dockerfile
59	59		```
60	60		# Start with the Alpine 3.12 Docker image.
61	61		FROM alpine:3.12
62	62
63	63		# Install libc6-compat, required for executables generated by FPC.
64	64		RUN apk --no-cache --update add libc6-compat
65	65
66	66		# Set working directory in the container image.
67	67		WORKDIR /app
68	68
69	69		# Copy the executable from host into container image.
70	70		COPY helloheaders /app/helloheaders
71	71
72	72		# Add uid/gid to run the binary. Don't want to run as root.
73	73		RUN addgroup -g 1099 apprunner \
74	74		&& adduser -D -u 1099 -G apprunner -h /home/apprunner apprunner
75	75
76	76		# Set uid/gid for the running program.
77	77		USER apprunner:apprunner
78	78
79	79		# Make the TCP port 8080 available to outside the container.
80	80		EXPOSE 8080
81	81
82	82		# Run the program.
83	83		CMD ["/app/helloheaders"]
84	84		```
85	85
86	86		### Build Docker Image
87	87		```
88	88		% sudo docker build -t helloheaders:fpc .
89	89		Sending build context to Docker daemon 1.331MB
90	90		Step 1/8 : FROM alpine:3.12
91	91		---> a24bb4013296
92	92		Step 2/8 : RUN apk --no-cache --update add libc6-compat
93	93		---> Using cache
94	94		---> 8bd9ae66e9fe
95	95		Step 3/8 : WORKDIR /app
96	96		---> Using cache
97	97		---> 1c69cb1c14e3
98	98		Step 4/8 : COPY helloheaders /app/helloheaders
99	99		---> de5ffddf76bb
100	100		Step 5/8 : RUN addgroup -g 1099 apprunner && adduser -D -u 1099 -G apprunner -h /home/apprunner apprunner
101	101		---> Running in 54199f0a8f4f
102	102		Removing intermediate container 54199f0a8f4f
103	103		---> c7d18145bc02
104	104		Step 6/8 : USER apprunner:apprunner
105	105		---> Running in 0a544c5fc8f6
106	106		Removing intermediate container 0a544c5fc8f6
107	107		---> a3868d1f2033
108	108		Step 7/8 : EXPOSE 8080
109	109		---> Running in 829a1b804c0d
110	110		Removing intermediate container 829a1b804c0d
111	111		---> 7389810c7acf
112	112		Step 8/8 : CMD ["/app/helloheaders"]
113	113		---> Running in 882e002e08b0
114	114		Removing intermediate container 882e002e08b0
115	115		---> 399269970984
116	116		Successfully built 399269970984
117	117		Successfully tagged helloheaders:fpc
118	118		```
119	119
120	120		### 查看 Docker 镜像的大小
121	121		```
122	122		% sudo docker images
123	123		REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
124	124		helloheaders fpc 399269970984 2 minutes ago 7.51MB
125	125		```
126	126
127	127		### 运行容器
128	128		```
129	129		% sudo docker run --rm -p 8080:8080 helloheaders:fpc
130	130		```
131	131
132	132		然后即可用浏览器访问 `http://127.0.0.1:8080/`。
133	133
134	134		## 参见
135	135
136	136		* [[Qemu and other emulators\|Qemu 等模拟器]]
137	137		* [[Small Virtual Machines\|小型虚拟机]]
138	138
139	139		---
140		-	From the Free Pascal wiki, page "Docker Containerization/zh CN", as the Internet Archive kept it on 2025-04-21. Copyright stays with the author who wrote it, according to the old wiki's [[Licensing]] page. If you have concerns about this material, [message the admin](/wiki-contact).
	140	+	From the Free Pascal wiki, page "Docker Containerization/zh CN", as the Internet Archive kept it on 2025-04-21, last changed on 2024-12-25. Copyright stays with the author who wrote it, according to the old wiki's [[Licensing]] page. If you have concerns about this material, [message the admin](/wiki-contact).

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