Docker Containerization/zh CN

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Docker 容器化

Docker

Docker 容器镜像是个轻量级、独立且可执行的软件包，应用程序运行所需的一切均包含其中：代码、运行时环境、系统工具、系统库和配置参数。在运行时，容器镜像会转换为容器。容器将软件与环境隔离开来，确保在不同环境下（例如开发环境和预生产环境）运行的一致性。

Docker 容器可在 Windows、Linux、macOS 和 Amazon Web Services、Microsoft Azure 之类的云服务中运行。

以 Unix 守护进程或 Windows 服务这些传统形式运行的应用，如 Web 服务和数据库，正越来越多以容器化的形式运行。

Alpine Linux

Alpine Linux 是一种注重安全、轻量级的 Linux。基于 Alpine Linux 的最小 Docker 容器镜像只有 5MB 大小。

fcl-web 示例 - HelloHeaders

以下例程能响应 web 请求，回送请求信息。

pascal

program HelloHeadersPure;
     
    {$mode objfpc}{$H+}
     
    uses
      cthreads, httpdefs, httproute, webutil,
      fphttpapp;
     
    procedure doEchoRequest(aReq: TRequest; aResp: TResponse);
    begin
      DumpRequest(aReq, aResp.contents, true);
    end;
     
    begin
      HTTPRouter.registerRoute('*', @doEchoRequest);
      Application.Port:=8080;
      Application.Threaded:=True;
      Application.Initialize;
      Application.Run;
    end.

Docker 化 HelloHeaders

下面在 Ubuntu 下编译此例程。可执行文件命名为 helloheaders。用以下 Dockerfile 为 helloheaders 创建 Docker 镜像。

Dockerfile

pascal

# Start with the Alpine 3.12 Docker image.
     FROM alpine:3.12
    
     # Install libc6-compat, required for executables generated by FPC.
     RUN apk --no-cache --update add libc6-compat
    
     # Set working directory in the container image.
     WORKDIR /app
    
     # Copy the executable from host into container image.
     COPY helloheaders /app/helloheaders
    
     # Add uid/gid to run the binary. Don't want to run as root.
     RUN addgroup -g 1099 apprunner \
       && adduser -D -u 1099 -G apprunner -h /home/apprunner apprunner
    
     # Set uid/gid for the running program.
     USER apprunner:apprunner
    
     # Make the TCP port 8080 available to outside the container.
     EXPOSE 8080
    
     # Run the program.
     CMD ["/app/helloheaders"]

Build Docker Image

pascal

% sudo docker build -t helloheaders:fpc .
    Sending build context to Docker daemon  1.331MB
    Step 1/8??: FROM alpine:3.12
     ---> a24bb4013296
    Step 2/8??: RUN apk --no-cache --update add libc6-compat
     ---> Using cache
     ---> 8bd9ae66e9fe
    Step 3/8??: WORKDIR /app
     ---> Using cache
     ---> 1c69cb1c14e3
    Step 4/8??: COPY helloheaders /app/helloheaders
     ---> de5ffddf76bb
    Step 5/8??: RUN addgroup -g 1099 apprunner   && adduser -D -u 1099 -G apprunner -h /home/apprunner apprunner
     ---> Running in 54199f0a8f4f
    Removing intermediate container 54199f0a8f4f
     ---> c7d18145bc02
    Step 6/8??: USER apprunner:apprunner
     ---> Running in 0a544c5fc8f6
    Removing intermediate container 0a544c5fc8f6
     ---> a3868d1f2033
    Step 7/8??: EXPOSE 8080
     ---> Running in 829a1b804c0d
    Removing intermediate container 829a1b804c0d
     ---> 7389810c7acf
    Step 8/8??: CMD ["/app/helloheaders"]
     ---> Running in 882e002e08b0
    Removing intermediate container 882e002e08b0
     ---> 399269970984
    Successfully built 399269970984
    Successfully tagged helloheaders:fpc

查看 Docker 镜像的大小

pascal

% sudo docker images
    REPOSITORY                TAG               IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
    helloheaders              fpc               399269970984        2 minutes ago       7.51MB

运行容器

pascal

%  sudo docker run --rm -p 8080:8080 helloheaders:fpc

然后即可用浏览器访问 http://127.0.0.1:8080/。

参见

From the Free Pascal wiki, page "Docker Containerization/zh CN", as the Internet Archive kept it on 2025-04-21, last changed on 2024-12-25. Copyright stays with the author who wrote it, according to the old wiki's Licensing page. If you have concerns about this material, message the admin.

Revision 3, last changed by WikiArchive 11-7-2026.

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