Databases/zh CN: what changed

Revision 1 to 2. Removed lines have a minus sign; added lines have a plus sign.

Old	New		Line
1	1		## 介绍
2	2
3	3		本页面介绍了Lazarus和数据库。下表提供了所支持的数据库。
4	4
5	5		警告：你应该只安装已经安装过客户端的数据库组件（如果数据库支持客户端支持）。否则Lazarus可能无法启动，因为丢失文件。那么你将不得不重新安装Lazarus，因为你不能卸载组件。
6	6
7	7		### 数据库支持
8	8
9	9		\| 数据库 \| 包名 \| 需要客户端库? \| 需要服务端? \| 支持版本 \| 支持平台 \|
10	10		\|----\|----\|----\|----\|----\|----\|
11	11		\| [Advantage](http://www.advantagedatabase.com/) \| TAdsDataSet \| 是 \| 否 \| 10.1 及以上 \| i386: Linux, Win32 \|
12	12		\| DBase \| [[Lazarus Tdbf Tutorial/zh CN\|DBFLaz]] \| 否 \| 否 \| III+, IV, VII \| 所有 \|
13	13		\| In memory \| memds \| 否 \| 否 \| \- \| 所有 \|
14	14		\| In memory \| bufdataset \| 否 \| 否 \| \- \| 所有 \|
15	15		\| [Interbase](http://www.embarcadero.com/products/interbase-smp) \| [[Firebird\|SQLdb]] \| 是 \| 是 \| 4 - 6 \| i386: Linux, Win32 \|
16	16		\| [Firebird](http://www.firebirdsql.org/) \| [[Firebird\|SQLdb]] \| 是 \| 取决于<sup>1</sup> \| 1 - 2.5 \| i386: Linux, Win32 \|
17	17		\| (Visual) FoxPro \| [[Lazarus Tdbf Tutorial\|DBFLaz]] \| 否 \| 否 \| 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 (不完全) \| 所有 \|
18	18		\| [Microsoft SQL Server](http://www.microsoft.com/zh-cn/server-cloud/products/sql-server/) \| SQLdb \| 是 \| 是 \| 6- \| FPC 2.6.2+. Linux, macOS, Win32, probably *BSD, probably Solaris<sup>2</sup> \|
19	19		\| [MySQL](http://www.mysql.com/) \| [[mysql\|SQLdb]] \| 是 \| 是 \| 3.0 - 5.5 \| i386: Linux, Win32 \|
20	20		\| ODBC \| [[ODBCConn\|SQLdb]] \| 是 \| 取决于 \| 3.x <sup>3</sup> \| i386: Linux, Win32 \|
21	21		\| [Oracle](http://www.oracle.com/cn/) \| [[Oracle\|SQLdb]] \| 是 \| 是 \| \- \| \- \|
22	22		\| Paradox \| [[TParadoxDataSet]] \| 否 \| 否 \| up to Table Level 7 (and up ??) \| 所有 \|
23	23		\| [PostgreSQL](http://www.postgresql.org/) \| [[postgresql\|SQLdb]] \| 是 \| 是 \| 6.6 - 8 \| i386: Linux, Win32 \|
24	24		\| [Sybase Adaptive Server Enterprise (ASE)](http://www.sybase.com.cn/products/databasemanagement/adaptiveserverenterprise) \| [[mssqlconn\|SQLdb]] \| 是 \| 是 \| 任何 \| Linux, macOS, Win32, probably *BSD, probably Solaris<sup>2)</sup> \|
25	25		\| [SQLite](http://www.sqlite.org/) \| [[sqlite\|SQLdb]] \| 是 \| 否 \| sqlite3 \| i386: Linux, Win32 \|
26	26		\| [SQLite](http://www.sqlite.org/) \| [[sqlite\|TSQLite3Dataset]] \| 是 \| 否 \| sqlite2,sqlite3 \| i386: Linux, Win32 \|
27	27		\| Text 文件 \| sdf \| 否 \| 否 \| \- \| 所有 \|
28	28
29		-	<cite id="supported_db_1">[[Databases/zh CN\|备注 (1):]]</cite> 你可以使用 Firebird 对Windows和Linux的嵌入式版本（可能在Mac OS X也行），也可以连接到基于Windows/Unix/macOS/FreeBSD的/其他运行 Firebird 服务器支持的平台
	29	+	[[Databases/zh CN\|备注 (1):]] 你可以使用 Firebird 对Windows和Linux的嵌入式版本（可能在Mac OS X也行），也可以连接到基于Windows/Unix/macOS/FreeBSD的/其他运行 Firebird 服务器支持的平台
30	30
31		-	<cite id="supported_db_2">[[Databases/zh CN\|备注 (2):]]</cite> 这些连接器使用FreeTDS 的库作为驱动程序，FreeTDS 文档表明，应该建立这些平台。Windows x86/x64可以在这里下载：[1](ftp://ftp.freepascal.org/fpc/contrib/windows/dblib_x32.zip) 和 [2](ftp://ftp.freepascal.org/fpc/contrib/windows/dblib_x64.zip)
	31	+	[[Databases/zh CN\|备注 (2):]] 这些连接器使用FreeTDS 的库作为驱动程序，FreeTDS 文档表明，应该建立这些平台。Windows x86/x64可以在这里下载：[1](ftp://ftp.freepascal.org/fpc/contrib/windows/dblib_x32.zip) 和 [2](ftp://ftp.freepascal.org/fpc/contrib/windows/dblib_x64.zip)
32	32
33		-	<cite id="supported_db_3">[[Databases/zh CN\|备注 (3):]]</cite> 此版本号指的是ODBC标准，而不是一个驱动程序或驱动程序管理器的版本号。ODBC 3.x驱动对于大多数DBMS。
	33	+	[[Databases/zh CN\|备注 (3):]] 此版本号指的是ODBC标准，而不是一个驱动程序或驱动程序管理器的版本号。ODBC 3.x驱动对于大多数DBMS。
34	34
35	35		## 数据库客户端绑定
36	36
37	37		If you want to use one of the databases that need client libraries, those libraries have to be installed. Not only on the computer you're programming on, but also on the computers where the application must run. Note that some databases (in particular MySQL) only work if the bindings which are compiled in the application are from the same version as those of the installed libraries. You can find out how to install those libraries (.so files on *nix systems, and .dlls on windows) on the website of the database developers. The binding units can be found in the packages/base directory in the fpc-sources. They basically consist of the client API calls like mysql_connect_database, which are completely different for each database. It is possible to write database applications using these units, but it is usually far more work and bug-sensitive than using the DB-unit Lazarus components.
38	38
39	39		Most of these bindings packages are hard-linked to the client libraries. This means that if the application is compiled with one of these units in it, the whole application can not be linked if the client libraries are not available on the workstation. This means that your program executable will not be generated if you do not have installed - for example - a MySQL client on your computer, and you are using the mysql4.pp unit in your program. If you succeed in compiling the program on a computer which has the MySQL client libraries installed, it still won't start on any other machine without the appropriate MySQL client libraries. In other words: for these databases, you need to install client libraries on your development machine, and you need to install these client libraries with your application.
40	40
41	41		To avoid such problems some of the packages are also able to link dynamically to the libraries. Before any calls to those libraries can be made, the unit has to be 'initialized'. This initialization fails if the database client isn't installed on the computer. If the program is ready using the client library, the unit has to be 'released'.
42	42
43	43		## 数据集
44	44
45	45		Database use in Lazarus (or Free Pascal) is fundamentally based on the TDataset class. This represents a table or query to your application. However, like many other such fundamental classes, you don't use the TDataset class itself, you use a descendant of it. There are many of these. They provide access to different kinds of databases, such as local dbase or text files, or back-end databases such as PostgreSQL, Firebird, MySQL and so forth. Some dataset descendants link directly to database tables, while others use additional components or libraries to perform the link.
46	46
47	47		Dataset descendants, being non-visual components are (usually) part of the Free Component Library (FCL) rather than the Lazarus Component Library (LCL).
48	48
49	49		Datasets can be used both programmatically and with visual controls. A typical Lazarus database application will often use both methods. In either case, the first step is to create the TDataset descendant, initialise it to connect to the table or query you want, and open it. This can be done either in code at run time or by putting a component on your form and setting it's properties at design time. The details of this vary considerably with different TDataset descendants, so see the various guides under [[Databases]] for what has to be done for your database.
50	50
51	51		When the dataset is opened, a set of field components are created, one for each field or column of the table or query you opened. Each field component is a descendant of TField, appropriate to the particular data type of the field, eg, TStringField.
52	52
53	53		### 使用数据集代码
54	54
55	55		Programmatic access will be explained in more detail in [[Using Dataset and Field components]], but as a very simple overview:
56	56
57	57		- Use the TDataset descendant to open the table or query, filter the rows you want to see, and to move from row to row.
58	58		- Use the TField descendants to:
59	59		- Access general information about fields
60	60		- Access the specific data values for the current row. (use the As... properties, such as AsString, AsInteger, etc.)
61	61		- Access the fields of a TDataset descendant by using either:
62	62		- The fields property, eg Fields\[0\] is the first field,
63	63		- The FieldByName method, eg FieldByName('AGE') returns the field associated with the database field called 'AGE'
64	64
65	65		See [[Database field type]] for a list of field types.
66	66
67	67		### 使用可视化（数据感知）控制
68	68
69	69		To use databases in a simple, "RAD" style Lazarus application, you usually configure the dataset descendant at design time and the use the data-aware controls. To do this:
70	70
71	71		- Add the dataset descendant for the database of your choice, together with any supporting components, to your form, and open it (Set the 'Active' property to true)
72	72		- Add a TDatasource component (from the "Data Access" tab) to the form, and "link" it to the dataset (set the DataSet property)
73	73		- Add data-aware controls from the "Data Controls" tab to the form, and link each one to the DataSource (not dataset) component
74	74		- Most controls link to a single field, so you also need to set the Field for each tab.
75	75
76	76		See #Data Controls below for more details on the controls
77	77
78	78		### 数据集状态
79	79
80	80		Datasets can be in a number of states. While there are quite a few (look up TDataSetState in the source), the main ones to be aware of initally are
81	81
82		-	~~<table>~~
83		-
84		-	~~<tr>~~
85		-
86		-	~~<th>~~
87		-
88	82		State
89	83
90		-	~~</th>~~
91		-
92		-	~~<th>~~
93		-
94	84		Function
95	85
96		-	~~</th>~~
97		-
98		-	~~</tr>~~
99		-
100		-	~~<tr>~~
101		-
102		-	~~<td>~~
103		-
104	86		dsInactive
105	87
106		-	~~</td>~~
107		-
108		-	~~<td>~~
109		-
110	88		The dataset is closed
111	89
112		-	~~</td>~~
113		-
114		-	~~</tr>~~
115		-
116		-	~~<tr>~~
117		-
118		-	~~<td>~~
119		-
120	90		dsBrowse
121	91
122		-	~~</td>~~
123		-
124		-	~~<td>~~
125		-
126	92		The user can browse through the dataset, looking at values
127	93
128		-	~~</td>~~
129		-
130		-	~~</tr>~~
131		-
132		-	~~<tr>~~
133		-
134		-	~~<td>~~
135		-
136	94		dsEdit
137	95
138		-	~~</td>~~
139		-
140		-	~~<td>~~
141		-
142	96		The user can edit values on the current row. Values are not saved until a post is performed.
143	97
144		-	~~</td>~~
145		-
146		-	~~</tr>~~
147		-
148		-	~~<tr>~~
149		-
150		-	~~<td>~~
151		-
152	98		dsInsert
153	99
154		-	~~</td>~~
155		-
156		-	~~<td>~~
157		-
158	100		A new row has been added, and the user can set the values. The record is not saved until a post is performed
159	101
160		-	~~</td>~~
161		-
162		-	~~</tr>~~
163		-
164		-	~~</table>~~
165		-
166	102		The other states are fairly transitory, and are usually handled "automatically". They are used internally and in more complicated code. If your database only views data, and you open the dataset at design time, you can largely ignore the state, as it will mostly be dsBrowse. However, most applications will want to change the data at some stage. If you are using data-aware controls, they will handle a lot of this automatically. If you change the text in a DBEdit control, for example, it will put the dataset into dsEdit state - unless you are already in dsEdit or dsInsert. If you "scroll" to a different record while the current state is dsEdit or dsInsert, that record will be "posted" and the dataset revert to dsBrowse. However, if you are accessing the dataset from code, you will often have to change the state in code as well. The dbNavigator control (see below) allows the user to change the state explicitly.
167	103
168	104		### 数据集 UpdateStatus
169	105
170	106		UpdateStatus determines the current state of the record buffer, if updates have not yet been applied to the database.
171	107
172	108		Example how to detect if ApplyUpdates will Insert, Update or Delete data:
173	109
174	110		``` pascal
175	111		procedure QueryAfterPost(DataSet: TDataSet);
176	112		begin
177	113		case DataSet.UpdateStatus of
178	114		usUnmodified : ShowMessage('Unmodified');
179	115		usModified : ShowMessage('Modified');
180	116		usInserted : ShowMessage('Inserted');
181	117		usDeleted : ShowMessage('Deleted');
182	118		end;
183	119		end;
184	120		```
185	121
186	122		Value Explanation:
187	123
188	124		- usUnmodified: Record is unmodified
189	125		- usModified: Record exists in the database but is locally modified
190	126		- usInserted: Record does not yet exist in the database, but is locally inserted
191	127		- usDeleted: Record exists in the database, but is locally deleted
192	128
193	129		### 提交和取消
194	130
195	131		If you have edited or inserted a record, the new values are held in a buffer.
196	132
197	133		- Calling the dataset cancel method removes the new record (insert) or reverts the values to their previous values (edit).
198	134		- Calling the dataset post method saves the values (edit) or record (insert). In some dataset descendants, they will be written to the database immediately, while in others they will be stored in a list of updates until a further call is made to save all changes to the database. Finally, even when they are written to the database, you may still have to call a "commit" method to make the database write them permanently. All of this also varies considerably with the dataset descendant, so look up the details for the one you are using.
199	135
200	136		### 插入新记录
201	137
202	138		To insert a new record into a TDataset descendent, one should use the method [Insert](http://www.freepascal.org/docs-html/fcl/db/tdataset.insert.html). After that one can set the field values and then finally call Post to commit the new record, as the example below shows.
203	139
204	140		The example also shows how to insert BLOB data from a file - you can also use LoadFromStream to load the data from a stream.
205	141
206	142		``` pascal
207	143		MyDataset.Insert;
208	144		MyDataset.Fields[0].AsInteger := 4; //an integer field
209	145		MyDataset.Fields[1].AsString := 'First Name'; //a string field
210	146		TBlobField(MyDataset.Fields[2]).LoadFromFile('SomeBlobfile.bin'); //blob field
211	147		MyDataset.Post;
212	148		```
213	149
214	150		### 如何快速跳转到特定记录
215	151
216	152		#### 选择所有记录
217	153
218	154		If you use SELECT * FROM to select all records of the table and then desires to quickly jump between them, you will have to build an index and search on it. It is more efficient to select only the record that you want.
219	155
220	156		#### 选择所需记录
221	157
222	158		One fast solution to jump to a particular record is to select only it, for example doing:
223	159
224	160		``` pascal
225	161		var
226	162		MyDataset: TSQLQuery;
227	163		begin
228	164		//...
229	165		MyDataset.FieldDefs.Add('SessionId', ftLargeint);
230	166		MyDataset.FieldDefs.Add('GameEvent', ftLargeint);
231	167		MyDataset.FieldDefs.Add('TableId', ftInteger);
232	168		MyDataset.FieldDefs.Add('LoggedIn', ftBoolean);
233	169		MyDataset.FieldDefs.Add('PlayerId', ftInteger);
234	170		MyDataset.Active := False;
235	171		{ Non-parameterized format; may run into issues with text containing ' and dates
236	172		SQLText := Format('select * from "GameSession" WHERE "SessionId"=%d', [ASessionId]);
237	173		}
238	174		// Solution: parameterized query:
239	175		// Actually, if this is done in a loop, you only need to set the SQL.Text once,
240	176		// and only change the parameter value
241	177		MyDataset.SQL.Text := 'select * from "GameSession" WHERE "SessionID"=:SessionID');
242	178		MyDataSet.ParamByName('SessionID').AsLargeInt := ASessionID;
243	179		try
244	180		MyDataset.Active := True;
245	181		except
246	182		//...
247	183		end;
248	184		```
249	185
250	186		You can then read information using something like this:
251	187
252	188		``` pascal
253	189		lPlayerId := MyDataset.Fields[4].AsInteger;
254	190		```
255	191
256	192		### 过滤
257	193
258	194		You can filter your dataset to restrict the records to a subset you want (e.g. all surnames starting with Smith).
259	195
260	196		- Using .Filter:
261	197		- TDBF, BufDataset and descendants (including TSQLQuery) use the TDBF filtering parser; see [[Lazarus Tdbf Tutorial\|Lazarus Tdbf Tutorial#Expressions]] for details on using this.
262	198		- TMemDS does not support .Filter
263	199		- Using a callback/event procedure with OnFilter where you can program your own filter function
264	200
265	201		### 定位/查找
266	202
267	203		Although more often used in non-SQL datasets (e.g. Paradox, TDBF) you can jump between records using [[locate]]/[[lookup]].
268	204
269	205		### 使用 TSQLQuery
270	206
271	207		For more information about TSQLQuery see [[Working With TSQLQuery]]
272	208
273	209		### 导出
274	210
275	211		FPC/Lazarus contains functionality to let you export datasets to various formats; see e.g.
276	212
277	213		- [[fpXMLXSDExport]]
278	214		- [[fpdbfexport]]
279	215		- the other components on the Data Export tab
280	216
281	217		Of course, you could also do it manually (see e.g. [[FPSpreadsheet\|FPSpreadsheet#Converting_a_database_to_a_spreadsheet]] for export to Excel format using fpspreadsheet)
282	218
283	219		## 数据控制
284	220
285	221		To use any of these controls, add the control to a form and set at least the datasource property. Other key properties will be noted.
286	222
287	223		### 数据源控制
288	224
289	225		This control keeps track of which record the linked controls currently are on. The datasource contorl must be linked to a dataset (e.g. a TSQLQuery).
290	226
291	227		### 单字段控制
292	228
293	229		These controls all attach to a single field. As well as datasource, set the field name. Controls include:
294	230
295	231		- [[doc:lcl/dbctrls/tdbtext.html\|DBText control]] Displays a text field (readonly, no border)
296	232		- [[doc:lcl/dbctrls/tdbedit.html\|DBEdit control]] Displays / edits a text field as an edit box
297	233		- [[doc:lcl/dbctrls/tdbmemo.html\|DBMemo control]] Displays / edits a text field in a multi-line edit box
298	234		- [[doc:lcl/dbctrls/tdbimage.html\|DBImage control]] Displays a picture stored in a database as a BLOB. Note: by default, Lazarus stores a header with the image type before the image data in the database BLOB field. This is different from Delphi. However, you can make TDBImage Delphi compatible: see [[Lazarus For Delphi Users\|Lazarus For Delphi Users#TDBImage]]
299	235		- [[doc:lcl/dbctrls/tdblistbox.html\|DBListBox control]] and [[doc:lcl/dbctrls/tdbcombobox.html\|DBComboBox Control]] Allow the user to insert values into a database field from the list of values in the Items property of the controls
300	236		- [[doc:lcl/dbctrls/tdblookuplistbox.html\|DBLookupListBox control]] and [[doc:lcl/dbctrls/tdblookupcombobox.html\|DBLookupComboBox control]], see also [[dblookupcombobox]] Allow the user to insert values into a database field by displaying the contents of a lookup field in another table. Though these controls store their results in a single field, you need another field for the lookup values. Note: at lest for DBLookupComboBox, there is a bug with FPC 2.6.0 that requires the listfield to be present in the datasource as well, you can bypass it by declaring a calculated field with the same name as the listfield in the datasource's dataset that does nothing.
301	237		- [[doc:lcl/dbctrls/tdbcheckbox.html\|DBCheckBox control]] Displays / edits a boolean field by checking/clearing a check box
302	238		- [[doc:lcl/dbctrls/tdbradiogroup.html\|DBRadioGroup control]] Displays the items as in a normal radio group, reading/setting the field value from a matching values list
303	239		- [[doc:lcl/dbctrls/tdbcalendar.html\|DBCalendar control]] Displays / edits a date field using a calendar panel
304	240		- [[doc:lcl/dbctrls/tdbgroupbox.html\|DBGroupBox control]]
305	241
306	242		### [[doc:lcl/dbgrids/tdbgrid.html\|DBGrid control]]
307	243
308	244		This control can show a number of fields in a row/column layout - in fact by default it shows them all. However, you can put entries into the [[doc:lcl/dbgrids/tdbgrid.columns.html\|columns collection]] to restrict it to specific fields and to set the widths and titles of each column.
309	245
310	246		Apart from the [[doc:lcl/dbgrids/tdbgrid.html\|mentioned documentation]], some more detail can be found here: [[Grids Reference Page\|Grids Reference Page#TCustomDBGrid]]
311	247
312	248		### [Navigator Control](http://lazarus-ccr.sourceforge.net/docs/lcl/dbctrls/tdbnavigator.html)
313	249
314	250		This control gives the user some direct control over the dataset. It allows the user to:
315	251
316	252		- Move to the next or previous record, or to the start or end of the records
317	253		- Add a new record (equivalent to a dataset.insert method call)
318	254		- Put the dataset into edit mode
319	255		- Delete a record
320	256		- Post or Cancel current changes
321	257		- Refresh the data (useful in multiuser database applications)
322	258
323	259		Key Properties:
324	260
325	261		- VisibleButtons: Lets you control what the user can do. For example, if deletes are not allowed, hide the delete button. If you have a DBGrid attached to the same dataset, you may decide you do not need the next and prior buttons.
326	262		- Width: If you do not show all buttons, you may want to set the width to (height*number_of_visible_buttons)
327	263
328	264		## 运行FPC数据库测试
329	265
330	266		Free Pascal database components include a [[fpcunit]]-based test framework, dbtestframework, that can be used to verify functionality. See the directory source\packages\fcl-db\tests\\ in your FPC source tree. Included is a test framework that can be run on various database components, as well as some other tests (e.g. test of database export).
331	267
332	268		To run the test framework on a certain database:
333	269
334	270		1\. 保存 source\packages\fcl-db\tests\database.ini.txt as source\packages\fcl-db\tests\database.ini
335	271
336	272		2\. 修改 source\packages\fcl-db\tests\database.ini to choose which database type you will use.
337	273
338	274		Example for Interbase/Firebird:
339	275
340	276		``` ini
341	277		[Database]
342	278		type=interbase
343	279		```
344	280
345	281		3\. In the same file, customize settings for your database. E.g. if you chose interbase before:
346	282
347	283		``` ini
348	284		[interbase]
349	285		connector=sql
350	286		connectorparams=interbase
351	287		; Database name/path (note: database needs to exist already)
352	288		; You can use aliases (see aliases.conf in your Firebird documentation)
353	289		name=testdb
354	290		user=sysdba
355	291		password=masterkey
356	292		; your hostname may very well differ:
357	293		; Leave blank if you want to use an embedded Firebird database
358	294		hostname=192.168.0.42
359	295		```
360	296
361	297		4\. Compile and run source\packages\fcl-db\tests\dbtestframework.pas (You can also use Lazarus to compile and run the GUI version, dbtestframework_gui) If you are using an embedded database on Windows (e.g. Firebird embedded or sqlite), copy the required DLL files to the directory first. The output will be in XML format (or displayed on your screen if you use dbtestframework_gui).
362	298
363	299		Please see source\packages\fcl-db\tests\README.txt for more details.
364	300
365	301		## Lazarus包含数据库包
366	302
367	303		### sqldblaz.lpk
368	304
369		-	~~<figure>~~
370		-	~~<img src="sqldbcomponents.png" title="sqldbcomponents.png" />~~
371		-	~~<figcaption>sqldbcomponents.png</figcaption>~~
372		-	~~</figure>~~
	305	+	![](/wiki-images/c/cc/Sqldbcomponents.png)
373	306
374	307		This package provides access to different databases. These include:
375	308
376	309		- Interbase/Firebird
377	310		- Microsoft SQL Server (except on Lazarus/FPC x64 for Windows)
378	311		- MySQL
379	312		- Oracle (except on Lazarus/FPC x64 for Windows)
380	313		- PostgreSQL (except on Lazarus/FPC x64 for Windows)
381	314		- SQLite (with support for the [[Spatialite]] extension)
382	315		- Sybase ASE (Adaptive Server Enterprise - not to be confused with Sybase ASA) (except on Lazarus/FPC x64 for Windows)
383	316		- any database that has an ODBC driver.
384	317
385	318		The components (TSQLQuery, TSQLTransaction, TIBConnection, TODBCConnection, TOracleConnection, TMSSQLConnection, TMySQL40Connection, TMySQL41Connection, TMySQL50Connection, TPQConnection, TSybaseConnection) are on the 'SQLdb' tab in the component palette.
386	319
387	320		- [[SQLdb Package]]
388	321
389	322		### dbflaz.lpk
390	323
391	324		This package provides access to dBase and FoxPro databases. You can get more information in the [[Lazarus Tdbf Tutorial]]. The TDbf component is on the 'Data Access' tab in the component palette.
392	325
393	326		### sqlitelaz.lpk
394	327
395	328		This package provides access to SQLite databases. You can get more information in the [[Lazarus Database Overview]].
396	329
397	330		### sdflaz.lpk
398	331
399	332		The component TSdfDataSet can be found on the 'Data Access' tab in the component palette.
400	333
401	334		### lazreport.lpk
402	335
403	336		The homepage of the report generator is [<http://lazreport.sourceforge.net/>](http://lazreport.sourceforge.net/). More informationen (et al. an additional link) can be found [[Projects using Lazarus\|here]]. LazReport depends on the Printer4Lazarus package. With revision 11950 LazReport was included in the Lazarus SVN repository.
404	337
405	338		## 外部包/库
406	339
407	340		### Zeos 数据库对象
408	341
409	342		These components provide access to different databases. You can find more information [[ZeosDBO\|here]]. This wiki also contains a [[Zeos tutorial]].
410	343
411	344		### Pascal 数据对象
412	345
413	346		There is now an alternative.
414	347
415	348		支持：
416	349
417	350		- MySQL 4.1 and 5.0
418	351		- sqlite-2 and sqlite-3
419	352		- pgsql-8.1
420	353		- interbase-5, interbase-6, firebird-1.0, firebird-1.5, firebird-1.5E, firebird-2.0, firebird-2.0E
421	354		- mssql (Microsoft library) and sybase (FreeTDS library)
422	355		- oracle
423	356
424	357		like prepared statements, binding, and stored procedures are supported by database API called Pascal Data Objects, which is inspired by PHP Data Objects. All the code and documentation necessary to use this new API is available on Sourceforge:
425	358
426	359		<http://pdo.sourceforge.net>
427	360
428	361		### TPSQL
429	362
430	363		These components provide access via TCP/IP to PostgreSQL databases. You can find more information on [[TPSQL\|this page]].
431	364
432	365		### FIBL
433	366
434	367		These components provide access to Interbase and Firebird databases. The homepage is [<http://sourceforge.net/projects/fibl>](http://sourceforge.net/projects/fibl).
435	368
436	369		### IBX
437	370
438	371		IBX For Lazarus are components to access Firebird databases: see [[IBX]]
439	372
440	373		### FBLib Firebird 库
441	374
442	375		[FBLib](http://fblib.altervista.org/) is an open Source Library No Data Aware for direct access to Firebird Relational Database from Borland Delphi/Kylix, Free Pascal and Lazarus.
443	376
444	377		Current Features include:
445	378
446	379		- Direct Access to Firebird 1.0.x, 1.5.x and 2.x Classic or SuperServer
447	380		- Multiplatform \[Win32,Gnu/Linux,FreeBSD)
448	381		- Automatic select client library 'fbclient' or 'gds32'
449	382		- Query with params
450	383		- Support SQL Dialect 1/3
451	384		- LGPL License agreement
452	385		- Extract Metadata
453	386		- Simple Script Parser
454	387		- Only 100-150 KB added into final EXE
455	388		- Support BLOB Fields
456	389		- Export Data to HTML SQL Script
457	390		- Service manager (backup,restore,gfix...)
458	391		- Events Alerter
459	392
460	393		You can download documentation on [FBLib's website](http://fblib.altervista.org/).
461	394
462	395		### Unified Interbase
463	396
464	397		UIB provides access to Interbase, Firebird and YAFFIL databases. The homepage is [www.progdigy.com](http://www.progdigy.com). A svn repository is available under <https://uib.svn.sourceforge.net/svnroot/uib> .
465	398
466	399		### TechInsite Object Persistence 框架 (tiOPF)
467	400
468	401		More information about tiOPF can be found on this [[tiOPF\|page]].
469	402
470	403		### Advantage TDataSet Descendant
471	404
472	405		The Advantage TDataSet Descedant provides a means of connecting to (and opening tables with) the Advantage Database Server. Advantage is a flexible, administration-free embedded database that provides Client/Server as well as Peer-to-peer access to Clipper, FoxPro and Visual FoxPro 9 DBF file formats, as well as a proprietary file format that provides a migration path allowing the use of newer features.
473	406
474	407		Key Features:
475	408
476	409		- Royalty-free peer-to-peer database access with migration path to Client/Server
477	410		- Multi-Platform (Clients supported on Windows and Linux, Server supported on Windows, Linux, and NetWare)
478	411		- Supports Both navigational and relational SQL database access
479	412		- Full-text search engine
480	413		- Table, Index, Memo, and communication encryption
481	414		- Compatible with native TDataset components
482	415		- Online Backup
483	416		- Server supports Replication
484	417
485	418		For more information, see the [Advantage Database Server](http://www.advantagedatabase.com) website.
486	419
487	420		### ZMSQL, sql-enhanced 内存数据库
488	421
489	422		For more information, see the [ZMSQL wiki page](http://wiki.lazarus.freepascal.org/ZMSQL)
490	423
491	424		ZMSQL is an open source, TBufDataset descendant SQL enhanced in-memory database for Free Pascal (FPC), operating with semicolon-separated values flat text tables. Completely written in Pascal, it has no dependencies on external libraries. It uses JanSQL engine for SQL implementation.
492	425
493	426		它提供了：
494	427
495	428		- Loading from and saving to flat text tables
496	429		- Use of SQL to query the data
497	430		- Copy data and schema from other datasets
498	431		- Option to predefine fielddefs or create it on-the fly
499	432		- Master/detail filtering
500	433		- Referential integrity
501	434		- Parameterized queries
502	435
503	436		The download contains the source code, some demo applications illustrating the features of the component as well as a readme.
504	437
505	438		## 参见
506	439
507	440		- [[Portal:Databases\|Database Portal]]
508	441		- [[Lazarus DB Faq]]
509	442
510	443		---
511	444		From the Free Pascal wiki, page "Databases/zh CN", as it stood on 2020-02-16 after a change by Trev, out of the wiki's dump of 2024-05-26. Copyright stays with the author who wrote it, according to the old wiki's [[Licensing]] page. If you have concerns about this material, [message the admin](/wiki-contact).

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