CGI Web Programming/zh CN: what changed
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Title: CGI Web Programming/zh CN
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| 1 | + | 我刚刚开始从英文页面翻译这篇文章。我会尽力快速完成它。 | |
| 2 | + | ||
| 3 | + | This is the start of a tutorial about cgi web programming. Everyone is invited to contribute. | |
| 4 | + | ||
| 5 | + | 这是CGI教程的小小开始，希望所有人做出贡献。 | |
| 6 | + | ||
| 7 | + | ## 关于 CGI | |
| 8 | + | ||
| 9 | + | [**CGI**(通用通道界面）](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Gateway_Interface) 并不复杂： | |
| 10 | + | ||
| 11 | + | 有两台计算机——客户端和服务器： | |
| 12 | + | ||
| 13 | + | - 服务器存储了要访问的文件（网页、图象和CGI）。 | |
| 14 | + | - 客户端通常使用网络浏览器请求服务器上的文档。 | |
| 15 | + | ||
| 16 | + | 只有你的服务器支持，你才能使用CGI。 | |
| 17 | + | ||
| 18 | + | After hosted, CGI can now be used normally as: **http://www.yourserver.com\[.xx\]/yourlogin/cgi-bin/cginame.exe** | |
| 19 | + | ||
| 20 | + | **Notes:** | |
| 21 | + | ||
| 22 | + | - The CGI file don't need has the **.exe** extension. | |
| 23 | + | - The CGI should be, obviously, compiled for the platform of the computer server (Linux, Windows...) | |
| 24 | + | ||
| 25 | + | ## 关于 FreePascal CGI 以及如何测试你的CGI | |
| 26 | + | ||
| 27 | + | Free Pascal 的CGI程序是普通的可执行程序。 | |
| 28 | + | ||
| 29 | + | 请注意，Free Pascal CGI不是解释执行的，而是编译执行的。 | |
| 30 | + | ||
| 31 | + | 要测试你的CGI你必须在你的计算机上架设服务器，并且支持CGI. | |
| 32 | + | ||
| 33 | + | 我推荐一种优良的[HTTP服务器](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTP_Server) ——[Apache](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_HTTP_Server) 。 支持多种操作系统平台。 Another **HTTP Server** is [Xitami](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xitami) that supports CGIs in perl CGI and 16bits (but **Xitami** is very archaic). | |
| 34 | + | ||
| 35 | + | ## 一个很简单的样例 | |
| 36 | + | ||
| 37 | + | Here is an example of a minimal CGI program to demonstrate... | |
| 38 | + | ||
| 39 | + | 1. Setting a cookie | |
| 40 | + | 2. Outputting the content-type (ie make it put out legal text for HTTP) | |
| 41 | + | 3. Reading Cookies | |
| 42 | + | 4. Reading form data via GET | |
| 43 | + | 5. Reading form data via POST | |
| 44 | + | ||
| 45 | + | ``` pascal | |
| 46 | + | program mini; | |
| 47 | + | ||
| 48 | + | uses dos; | |
| 49 | + | ||
| 50 | + | var | |
| 51 | + | a:string; | |
| 52 | + | c:char; | |
| 53 | + | begin | |
| 54 | + | //set a cookie (must come before content-type line below) | |
| 55 | + | //don't forget to change the expires date | |
| 56 | + | writeln('Set-cookie:widget=value; path=/; expires= Mon, 21-Mar-2005 18:37:00 GMT'); | |
| 57 | + | ||
| 58 | + | //output legal http page | |
| 59 | + | writeln('Content-Type:text/html',#10#13); | |
| 60 | + | ||
| 61 | + | //demonstrate get cookies | |
| 62 | + | a:= GetEnv('HTTP_COOKIE'); | |
| 63 | + | writeln('cookies:',a); | |
| 64 | + | ||
| 65 | + | //demonstrate GET result | |
| 66 | + | a:=''; | |
| 67 | + | a:= GetEnv('QUERY_STRING'); | |
| 68 | + | writeln('GET: ',a); | |
| 69 | + | ||
| 70 | + | //demonstrate POST result | |
| 71 | + | a:=''; | |
| 72 | + | while not eof(input) do | |
| 73 | + | begin | |
| 74 | + | read(c); | |
| 75 | + | a:= a+c; | |
| 76 | + | end; | |
| 77 | + | writeln('POST: ',a); | |
| 78 | + | end. | |
| 79 | + | ``` | |
| 80 | + | ||
| 81 | + | ## A simple hitcounter | |
| 82 | + | ||
| 83 | + | The application **hitcounter** presents a simple hitcounter for your website. It is possible to enter blocklists in a configfile so robots and perhaps your own computer are excluded from the statistics. There are still a lot of improvements possible ofcourse like setting a cookie so you get only one hit per session, but it gives a good introduction into CGI programming. If you use the code and modify it, please send me a patch so I can update it. | |
| 84 | + | ||
| 85 | + | You can find the code here: [1](http://modelbuilder.svn.sourceforge.net/viewvc/modelbuilder/html/cgi/) | |
| 86 | + | ||
| 87 | + | ## Existing CGI Frameworks | |
| 88 | + | ||
| 89 | + | There are existing CGI units and frameworks that make working with CGI trivial (and allow one to set cookies, sessions, retrieve POST and GET). See [Powtils](http://z505.com/powtils/idx.shtml) | |
| 90 | + | ||
| 91 | + | There is also a CGIModule for lazarus, and a few CGI and HTML units in the freepascal FCL. | |
| 92 | + | ||
| 93 | + | Another CGI and FastCGI framework for FreePascal/Delphi is [ExtPascal](http://extpascal.googlecode.com) an Ext JS wrapper. | |
| 94 | + | ||
| 95 | + | --- | |
| 96 | + | *From the Free Pascal wiki, page "CGI Web Programming/zh CN", as it stood on 2020-02-10 after a change by Trev, out of the wiki's dump of 2024-05-26. Copyright stays with the author who wrote it, according to the old wiki's [[Licensing]] page. If you have concerns about this material, [message the admin](/wiki-contact).* |