And: what changed

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Title: And

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1	+	The binary operator `and` performs a logical conjunction. [[FPC]] also does a bitwise `and` when supplied with ordinal types.
2	+
3	+	## Boolean operation
4	+
5	+	The operator `and` accepts to two Boolean type values. It is the logical conjunction written in classic logic as $`A \land B`$. Electrical engineers may write $`A \times B`$ or $`A \cdot B`$, or eliminating the multiplication sign altogether writing $`AB`$. However, the [[*\|asterisk]] has a different meaning in programming. The Boolean `and` evaluates to [[false and true\|true]] if and only if both operands are `true`.
6	+
7	+	\| `A` \| `B` \| `A and B` \|
8	+	\|---------\|---------\|-----------\|
9	+	\| `false` \| `false` \| `false` \|
10	+	\| `false` \| `true` \| `false` \|
11	+	\| `true` \| `false` \| `false` \|
12	+	\| `true` \| `true` \| `true` \|
13	+
14	+	## Bitwise operation
15	+
16	+	FPC also defines a bitwise `and`. Taking two ordinal operands logical `and` is calculated bit by bit:
17	+
18	+	` 1010'1100`\
19	+	`and 0011'0100`\
20	+	`――――――――――――`\
21	+	` 0010'0100`
22	+
23	+	## comparative remarks
24	+
25	+	Depending on the compiler's specific implementation of the data type [[Set\|set]], the [[Asterisk\|intersection of sets]] virtually does the same as the bitwise `and`.
26	+
27	+	## see also
28	+
29	+	- [[Or\|or]]
30	+
31	+	---
32	+	From the Free Pascal wiki, page "And", as it stood on 2022-11-27 after a change by Kai Burghardt, out of the wiki's dump of 2024-05-26. Copyright stays with the author who wrote it, according to the old wiki's [[Licensing]] page. If you have concerns about this material, [message the admin](/wiki-contact).

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