Anchor Sides/ja: what changed

Revision 1 to 2. Removed lines have a minus sign; added lines have a plus sign.

Old	New		Line
1	1		コントロールのレイアウトを自動的に行うために、いくつかの新しいプロパティ、メソッドが存在します。コントロールの座標を、他のコントロールから一定の距離を保つように設定したり、他のコントロールを基準にして中央揃えにしたりすることができます。下記の例を参照してください。
2	2
3	3		Each of the four sides of a control (Left, Top, Right, Bottom) can now be anchored/bound to a side of another control. For example you can now anchor the left side of TEdit to the right side of a TLabel. Everytime the Label is moved or resized the Edit's left side will follow, which normally results in moving the Edit parallel to the Label.
4	4
5	5		# 例 1
6	6
7	7		`+--------+ +-------+`\
8	8		`\| Label1 \| \| Edit1 \|`\
9	9		`+--------+ \| \|`\
10	10		` +-------+`
11	11
12	12		## コーディング内容
13	13
14	14		``` pascal
15	15		Edit1.AnchorSide[akLeft].Side := asrRight;
16	16		Edit1.AnchorSide[akLeft].Control := Label1;
17	17		Edit1.Anchors := Edit1.Anchors + [akLeft];
18	18		```
19	19
20	20		BorderSpacing プロパティで距離を指定できます。
21	21
22	22		``` pascal
23	23		Edit1.BorderSpacing.Left := 10;
24	24		```
25	25
26	26		メソッドを使うことでもできます。
27	27
28	28		``` pascal
29	29		Edit1.AnchorToNeighbour(akLeft, 10, Label1);
30	30		```
31	31
32	32		## Notes
33	33
34	34		The Edit1.Left will follow Label1.Left+Label1.Width, not the other way around. That means, moving Label1 will move Edit1. But moving Edit1 will be undone by the LCL. If you also anchor the right side of Label1 to the left side of Edit1, you created a circle, and this can result together with some other autosize properties in a loop. This is ignored by the LCL or automagically repaired when the Parent.AutoSize is true.
35	35
36	36		## Via the Anchor Editor
37	37
38	38		The anchor editor is a floating window that is available via the menu View / Anchor Editor or via the button on the Anchors property in the object inspector.
39	39
40		-	~~<figure>~~
41		-	~~<img src="Anchoreditor.png" title="Anchoreditor.png" />~~
42		-	~~<figcaption>Anchoreditor.png</figcaption>~~
43		-	~~</figure>~~
	40	+	![](/wiki-images/6/6d/Anchoreditor.png)
44	41
45	42		# 例 2
46	43
47	44		You can anchor the Edit's top side to follow the Label's top side:
48	45
49	46		+--------+ +-------+
50	47		\| Label1 \| \| Edit1 \|
51	48		+--------+ \| \|
52	49		+-------+
53	50
54	51		``` pascal
55	52		Edit1.AnchorSide[akTop].Side := asrTop;
56	53		Edit1.AnchorSide[akTop].Control := Label1;
57	54		Edit1.Anchors := Edit1.Anchors + [akTop];
58	55		```
59	56
60	57		メソッドを使うことでもできます。
61	58
62	59		``` pascal
63	60		Edit1.AnchorParallel(akTop,0,Label1);
64	61		```
65	62
66	63		# 例 3
67	64
68	65		Centering a Label vertically to an Edit:
69	66
70	67		+-------+
71	68		+--------+ \| \|
72	69		\| Label1 \| \| Edit1 \|
73	70		+--------+ \| \|
74	71		+-------+
75	72
76	73		``` pascal
77	74		Edit1.AnchorSide[akTop].Side := asrCenter;
78	75		Edit1.AnchorSide[akTop].Control := Label1;
79	76		Edit1.Anchors := Edit1.Anchors + [akTop] - [akBottom];
80	77		```
81	78
82	79		メソッドを使うことでもできます。
83	80
84	81		``` pascal
85	82		Edit1.AnchorVerticalCenterTo(Label1);
86	83		```
87	84
88	85		Obviously anchoring the bottom side of Edit1 does not make sense when centering.
89	86
90	87		# 新しいプロパティ
91	88
92	89		``` pascal
93	90		property AnchorSide[Kind: TAnchorKind]: TAnchorSide read GetAnchorSide;
94	91		```
95	92
96	93		This is not published in the [[IDE Window: Object Inspector\|object inspector]]. You can edit it in the designer via the [[IDE Window: Anchor Editor\|anchor editor]] (Menu: View -\> View anchor editor, or click on button of 'Anchors' property).
97	94
98	95		# New methods to easily configure common layouts
99	96
100	97		``` pascal
101	98		procedure AnchorToNeighbour(Side: TAnchorKind; Space: integer;
102	99		Sibling: TControl);
103	100		procedure AnchorParallel(Side: TAnchorKind; Space: integer;
104	101		Sibling: TControl);
105	102		procedure AnchorHorizontalCenterTo(Sibling: TControl);
106	103		procedure AnchorVerticalCenterTo(Sibling: TControl);
107	104		procedure AnchorAsAlign(TheAlign: TAlign; Space: Integer);
108	105		```
109	106
110	107		AnchorVerticalCenterTo works with Parent too. Then it will center on the client area, that means the center of the control is at ClientHeight div 2.
111	108
112	109		Center anchoring is not yet fully supported when computing the size of the parent. For example when you put a label center anchored into a Groupbox1 and set Groupbox1.AutoSize to true then Groupbox1 height will shrink leaving no space for the label. The solution is to center to a control that is not centered. For example center a Label1 to a ComboBox and use for the ComboBox the default anchors (Anchors=\[akLeft,akTop\]).
113	110
114	111		# Anchoring to invisible controls
115	112
116	113		Since 0.9.25 rev 12800 anchoring to invisible controls has changed to work more intuitively. For example: The below controls A, B, C are anchored (C.Left to B.Right and B.Left to A.Right):
117	114
118	115		` +---+ +---+ +---+`\
119	116		` \| A \| \| B \| \| C \|`\
120	117		` +---+ +---+ +---+`
121	118
122	119		If B is hidden (Visible:=false) then C.Left will skip B and use the right of A, resulting in
123	120
124	121		` +---+ +---+`\
125	122		` \| A \| \| C \|`\
126	123		` +---+ +---+`
127	124
128	125		# Circular references
129	126
130	127		You can build circular references by anchoring two sides to each other, which creates an impossible anchoring. The LCL notices that, but will not raise an exception, because it can be a temporary circle. For example: A row of buttons. Button1 is left of Button2, Button2 is left of Button3. Now the order is changed to: Button3, Button1, Button2. If the reanchoring is started with Button3, a circle is created temporarily and is fixed when the reordering is completed. The LCL detects circles and will not move the Button. Circles are not the only anomaly.
131	128
132	129		There is one exception to this rule. If the Parent.AutoSize is true, then the LCL will automatically break circles on autosize and writes a warning via debugln (windows: --debug-log.txt, linux, et al: stdout). Which anchor is broken depends on the order of controls and the sides. So, temporary circles are still allowed with AutoSize=true if you enclose the change in
133	130
134	131		``` pascal
135	132		Parent.DisableAutosizing;
136	133		try
137	134		// change anchors, aligns, bounds...
138	135		finally
139	136		Parent.EnableAutosizing;
140	137		end;
141	138		```
142	139
143	140		The AutoSize algorithm does not only break circles, but fixes Align/AnchorSide inconsistencies too.
144	141
145	142		Eventually it would be good to add some hints in the designer or a tool to list the circles and inconsistencies.
146	143
147	144		# 関連情報
148	145
149	146		- [[Autosize / Layout]]
150	147		- [[Example: Anchors. How to reliably align dynamically created controls under changing visibility]]
151	148
152	149		---
153	150		From the Free Pascal wiki, page "Anchor Sides/ja", as it stood on 2020-02-09 after a change by GAN, out of the wiki's dump of 2024-05-26. Copyright stays with the author who wrote it, according to the old wiki's [[Licensing]] page. If you have concerns about this material, [message the admin](/wiki-contact).

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